Working with the document you developed in Note 13.11 “Exercise 2”, begin setting up the heading structure of the final draft of your research paper according to APA guidelines. Include your title and at least two to three major section headings, and follow the formatting guidelines provided above. If your major sections should be broken into subsections, add those headings as well. Use your outline to help you.
The following heading styles used in APA formatting are listed in order of greatest to least importance:
Depending on your field of study, you may sometimes write research papers that present extensive primary research, such as your own experiment or survey. In your abstract, summarize your research question and your findings, and briefly indicate how your study relates to prior research in the field.
David Epstein’s book Junk Food, Junk Science (2010) pointed out that “junk food cannot be considered addictive in the same way that we think of psychoactive drugs as addictive” (p. 137).
Exercise 2
Begin formatting the final draft of your paper according to APA guidelines. You may work with an existing document or set up a new document if you choose. Include the following:
APA style uses section headings to organize information, making it easy for the reader to follow the writer’s train of thought and to know immediately what major topics are covered. Depending on the length and complexity of the paper, its major sections may also be divided into subsections, sub-subsections, and so on. These smaller sections, in turn, use different heading styles to indicate different levels of information. In essence, you are using headings to create a hierarchy of information.
Another variation is to introduce the author and the source title in your sentence and include the publication date and page number in parentheses within the sentence or at the end of the sentence. As long as you have included the essential information, you can choose the option that works best for that particular sentence and source.
- Your title page
- The abstract you created in Note 13.8 “Exercise 1”
- Correct headers and page numbers for your title page and abstract
In the international paper size system, sizes are based on mathematical formulas. However, in America, that is not the case. So, when creating a legal document, you need to pay attention to the size and dimensions of your document. Especially if your document should be printed and signed. No matter if the document is signed electronically or in hard-copy, the size should match the legal parameters. Otherwise, the document will not be legally binding and obligating.
Everywhere in the world, except in Canada and America, the paper size is standardized according to the ISO sizes. Those dimensions are the following:
Europe and other places in the World use the international system of paper sizes. In that system, the legal paper size is A4 document, which has dimensions of 216 x 279mm (8.5 inches x 11 inches). However, in America and Canada, there is a different legal paper size, which is 216 x 356mm or 8.5 inches x 14 inches.
- A4 = 216 x 279mm (8.5 x 11 inches)
- A3 = 279mm x 432mm (11 x 17 inches)
- A2 = 432 x 559mm (17 x 22 inches)
- A1 = 559 x 864mm (22 x 33 inches)
- A0 = 864 x 1118mm (34 x 44 inches)
What is Legal Paper Size
You cannot sign a legal document on a napkin or on a handkerchief. There are rules and regulations you need to follow. And when it comes to legal documents, there is a legal paper size, and there are legal-size paper dimensions. Here are the dimensions and sizes you need to follow. What is a file management system, on the other hand, entails the use of electronically developed applications to manage the workflow or the use of files in an enterprise.
The legal paper dimensions are A4 or 216x279mm. In the United States of America and Canada, the dimensions are the same, but the paper is called differently. The legal paper dimensions in America are 216x356mm or 8.5 x 11 inches. Those dimensions are called legal. The European legal-size dimensions in America are called letter dimensions.
Using a guide sheet under blank paper lets you use any spacing you prefer.
If you know what your favorite line spacing is, you’ll want to find paper that has it. Here is a list that has a variety of different notebooks and notepads with as many different line spacings as I could find.
Let’s start with a quick discussion on line spacing. As you probably know, different brands of paper can come with different line spacings. The most popular tend to be 5mm-7mm. Even within the same brand, line spacings can differ, especially between grids and lines. Most grids, whether they are dot or line grid, are spaced at 5mm. Open lines are typically spaced a bit further apart at 7mm. Of course, there are always outliers. I have seen 2mm grids and 10mm lines.
Now that I had my sheet, all that was left to do was write! I usually write in a few different styles, so I tried each one, figuring that the spacing that works best for my all-caps print may not work best for cursive. I also tried a few different nib sizes. While I usually use broader nibs, I sometimes use a fine nib and find that my writing looks different, so I wondered if maybe line size had something to do with that. Here is my test sheet with writing:
Paper Line Spacing
Instead of grabbing a bunch of sheets of paper with different spacings, I decided to create my own test sheet. It has line spacings ranging from 2mm up to 10mm so that all of my testing could be done on one sheet of paper. To create this test sheet, I made individual sheets of each spacing using this Lined PDF Generator. I then digitally cut out a few lines from each sheet and pasted them all into one sheet, along with a note for the line spacing of each set.
Not everyone is going to write on every single line. I find that when I write in cursive in a notebook with 5mm spacing, I usually write on every other line. This not only gives my writing a bit of breathing room, making it easier to read, but also keeps my descenders from letters such as p, q, y, f, j, z and g from colliding with the words below. I have another notebook with 10mm spacing that, in essence, I use the exact same way. By writing on every line, but not skipping any lines and only using half of the line height, I am doing the same thing as writing on a 5mm line and skipping a 5mm line (5mm+5mm=10mm).
If you prefer writing on blank paper and using a guide sheet, you can try getting creative with the line spacing for a better writing experience. Using the Lined PDF Generator I mentioned above, I was able to create a guide sheet with 7mm lines for writing that are spaced 4mm apart. To do this, I used the values “7mm, 4mm” in the Line Spacings box. To make it a bit more obvious which lines to write on, I made the baseline thicker using the values “.5pt, 1pt” in the Line Widths box. Here is how my generator screen looked and how the resulting guide sheet looked.
Choosing the right paper can be challenging if you are unfamiliar with the various paper types and weights. Below are explanations of some of the options available. Feel free to call Summit Printing and we will be happy to discuss your needs and help you make an appropriate choice for your printing project!
Writing Paper - a letterhead-weight stock, typically 24# or 28# writing, and often has a watermark.
Text Paper - is thicker than a writing paper, but not as thick as a cover paper (card stock). Text-weight stationery paper is usually a 70# or 80# text.
Cover Paper - a card stock paper, such as those used for a business card or report cover. They are usually an 80# cover weight, although some brands of paper offer cover weight paper that is as thin as a 65# cover or as thick as a 100# cover or heavier.
Summit Printing, we’re taking every step possible—in accordance with government guidelines—to keep employees safe and customers satisfied as we continue with operations.
Although most coated paper is “shiny” (gloss) , many other options are available. Coated papers come in gloss, matte, dull, satin, and other finishes. In addition to the paper finish options, there are also many different paper coatings that can be applied to the paper to control the sheen.
Color Accuracy
Printing papers used in commercial printing are divided into two major classes: coated and uncoated.
Each have their advantages and disadvantages.
Coated papers do come in many grades of quality, from premium and #1 Grade (best) , to as low as a #5 Grade. The higher the paper grade the better the printing reproduction. In addition to producing superior quality printing, the more premium coated papers are brighter and whiter. Lower grade papers still offer the advantages of improved opacity and dot gain, but will lose a little of the superior full color printing reproduction, and have a more yellowed look.
Weight - the weight of a paper refers to its thickness and is typically measured in pounds (such as 20#) and points (such as 10 PT). The higher the number, the thicker the paper for that "type" of paper. Paper weights in commercial printing can be very confusing. For example, a sheet of 20# bond (probably what you use on your copy machine) is about the same thickness as a sheet of 50# offset . A more meaningful measurement is to pay attention to is a paper's caliper. See the paper caliper chart.
In order to practise IELTS exam sample papers, candidate should understand the exam pattern of the exam. IELTS exam will turn out to be difficult if an applicant won’t know the paper pattern well. As per IELTS exam pattern, it tests the candidate’s capability in four different parameters like listening, reading, writing, and speaking.
Divide 19.5 by 4 = 3.875
Ends with a fraction above .75 so round up to the next whole band
Overall band score = 4.0
The speaking test is not that tough if a candidate is well known with spoken English and is fluent. The test is basically like a conversation between two people. During this test, candidates will be made to sit in a private, quiet room with a qualified examiner who will engage you in a conversation. As the conversation with a stranger can be difficult sometimes, the examiner can slow down for you, speed up or even repeat or rephrase a question if the candidate asks. The speaking skills are marked against a number of criteria, including ‘fluency and coherence’, ‘lexical resource’, ‘pronunciation’, ‘grammatical range’ and ‘accuracy’.
Applicants getting 8 band score are considered to have a fully operational command of the language with only occasional unsystematic inaccuracies and inappropriate usage. They may misunderstand some things in unfamiliar situations. They handle complex and detailed argumentation well.
IELTS Sample Paper 2021
The Academic Reading Test includes three long texts which range from descriptive and factual to discursive and analytical. The texts are taken from books, journals, magazines and newspapers. They have been selected for a non-specialist audience but are appropriate for people entering university courses or seeking professional registration.
This test will consist of an oral interview between the test taker and the examiner. Candidates, please note that the complete conversation will be recorded.
Candidates getting 9 band score are considered to have fully operational command of the language. Their use of English is appropriate, accurate and fluent, and shows complete understanding.